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A Total and Convenient Synthesis of Orixiarine  [PDF]
T. Suresh, K. Velmurugan, P. S. Mohan, R. Nandhakumar
International Journal of Organic Chemistry (IJOC) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ijoc.2013.31005
Abstract:

A simple total synthesis of the quinoline alkaloid, orixiarine was achieved from N-methylaniline and 1-bromo-3-methyl-2-butanone.

A State of Art Analysis of Telecommunication Data by k-Means and k-Medoids Clustering Algorithms  [PDF]
T. Velmurugan
Journal of Computer and Communications (JCC) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2018.61019
Abstract:
Cluster analysis is one of the major data analysis methods widely used for many practical applications in emerging areas of data mining. A good clustering method will produce high quality clusters with high intra-cluster similarity and low inter-cluster similarity. Clustering techniques are applied in different domains to predict future trends of available data and its uses for the real world. This research work is carried out to find the performance of two of the most delegated, partition based clustering algorithms namely k-Means and k-Medoids. A state of art analysis of these two algorithms is implemented and performance is analyzed based on their clustering result quality by means of its execution time and other components. Telecommunication data is the source data for this analysis. The connection oriented broadband data is given as input to find the clustering quality of the algorithms. Distance between the server locations and their connection is considered for clustering. Execution time for each algorithm is analyzed and the results are compared with one another. Results found in comparison study are satisfactory for the chosen application.
The Influence of the Different Fiber lay-ups on the Damping Characteristics of Polymer Matrix Composite
P. Nagasankar,S. Balasivanandha Prabu,R. Velmurugan
Journal of Applied Sciences , 2012,
Abstract: The dynamic characteristics of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites have been studied for the large number of different lay-ups of fiber, intending to get a better damping without compromising much on the stiffness/frequency values. The better layup has been selected based on the damping and frequency values in mode shapes 1, 2 and 3 and the different layups have then been categorized into three groups (A, B and C). The experimental test was carried out to calculate the natural frequencies and damping factors using Impulse technique (Lab view software-National instruments). The same values have also been evaluated theoretically by the modal analysis performed in FEM software (ANSYS version 11). A good agreement exists between the experimental and theoretical values.
Development of analytical method for efavirenz by UV spectrophotometry using sodium hydroxide as solvent
Maruthi. G,Parimalakrishnan. S,Velmurugan. A
- , 2013,
Abstract: The main aim of the present study is to develop a simple, sensitive, specific, spectrophotometric method developed for the detection of Efavirenz in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. The optimum condition for the analysis of the drug was established. The wavelength (λmax) of the Efavirenz was found to be 267nm. The proposed method can be performed by using UV-Visible spectrophotometry using 0.5N NaOH as solvent. The regression coefficient of the linearity study was found to be 0.9918, and the slope of the linear is y=0.0738x. This method shows the linearity of 2 to 12μg/ml. Limit of detection was found to be 0.454μg/ml and the Limit of quantification was determined as the lowest concentration was found to be 1.499μg/ml. The proposed method will be suitable for the analysis of Efavirenz in bulk and pharmaceutical formulatio
Enhancing Lab Source Anomalous Scattering Using Cr Kα Radiation for Its Potential Application in Determining Macromolecular Structures  [PDF]
Sibi Narayanan, Devadasan Velmurugan
Crystal Structure Theory and Applications (CSTA) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/csta.2012.13016
Abstract: Obtaining phase information for the solution of macromolecular structures is a bottleneck in X-ray crystallography. Anomalous dispersion was recognized as a powerful tool for phasing macromolecular structures. It was used mainly to supplement the isomorphous replacement or to locate the anomalous scatterer itself. The first step in solving macromolecular structures by SAD (single-wavelength anomalous diffraction) is the location of the anomalous scatterers. The SAD method for experimental phasing has evolved substantially in the recent years. A phasing tool, 5-amino-2,4,6- triiodoisophthalic acid (I3C—magic triangle), was incorporated into three proteins, lysozyme, glucose isomerase and thermolysin using quick-soaking and co-crystallization method in order to understand the binding of metal ion with proteins. The high quality of the diffraction data, the use of chromium anode X-ray radiation and the required amount of anomalous signal enabled way for successful structure determination and automated model building. An analysis and/or comparison of the sulfur and iodine anomalous signals at the Cr Kα wavelength are discussed.
Ce-SAD Phasing of Glucose Isomerase and Thermolysin Using Cu Radiation  [PDF]
Sibi Narayanan, Devadasan Velmurugan
Crystal Structure Theory and Applications (CSTA) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/csta.2013.23013
Abstract:

Current structural genomics projects aim to solve a large number of selected protein structures as fast as possible. High degree of automation and standardization is required at every step of the whole process to speed up protein structure determination. Phase problem is a bottleneck in macromolecular structure determination and also in model building which is a time-consuming task. The simplest approach to phasing macromolecular crystal structures is the use of a SAD signal. SAD data can be collected using the in-house copper (1.54 A) wavelength source. Data collected using copper wavelength with the incorporation of anomalously scattering heavy metal atoms may serve as a powerful tool for structural biologists to solve novel protein structures as well where synchrotron beam line is not available. A short soak of protein crystals in heavy metal solution or by incorporating heavy atoms into the protein drop while crystallizing the protein (co-crystallization) leads to incorporation of these heavy metal ions into the ordered solvent shell around the protein surface. The present work aims to determine whether cerium ion can be successfully incorporated into the protein crystal through quick-soaking method while maintaining the isomorphism. The study also aims in understanding whether this metal ion can be used for phasing purpose. The intensity data are collected and analyzed for anomalous signal, substructure solution and the binding sites.

Lab Source Anomalous Scattering Using Cr Kα Radiation  [PDF]
Sibi Narayanan, Devadasan Velmurugan
Crystal Structure Theory and Applications (CSTA) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/csta.2013.22008
Abstract: High-throughput crystallography requires a method by which the structures of proteins can be determined quickly and easily. Experimental phasing is an essential technique in determining the three-dimensional protein structures using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In macromolecular crystallography, the phases are derived either by Molecular Replacement (MR) method using the atomic coordinates of a structurally similar protein or by locating the positions of heavy atoms that are intrinsic to the protein or that have been added (MIR, MIRAS, SIR, SIRAS, MAD and SAD). Availability of in-house lab data collection sources (Cu and Cr radiation), cryo-crystallography and improved software for heavy atom location and density modification have increased the ability to solve protein structures using SAD. SAD phasing using intrinsic anomalous scatterers like sulfur, chlorine, calcium, manganese and zinc, which are already present in the protein becomes increasingly attractive owing to the advanced phasing methods. An analysis of successful SAD phasing on three proteins, lysozyme, glucose isomerase and thermolysin based on the signal of weak anomalous scatterers such as sulfur atom and chloride ion have been carried out. This analysis also proves that even the anomalous signal provided or present naturally in a macromolecule is good enough to solve crystal structures successfully using lab source chromium-generated X-ray radiation.
A Hybrid Multifarious Clustering Algorithm for the Analysis of Memmogram Images  [PDF]
T. Velmurugan, E. Venkatesan
Journal of Computer and Communications (JCC) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2019.712013
Abstract:
A number of clustering algorithms were used to analyze many databases in the field of image clustering. The main objective of this research work was to perform a comparative analysis of the two of the existing partitions based clustering algorithms and a hybrid clustering algorithm. The results verification done by using classification algorithms via its accuracy. The perfor-mance of clustering and classification algorithms were carried out in this work based on the tumor identification, cluster quality and other parameters like run time and volume complexity. Some of the well known classification algorithms were used to find the accuracy of produced results of the clustering algorithms. The performance of the clustering algorithms proved mean-ingful in many domains, particularly k-Means, FCM. In addition, the proposed multifarious clustering technique has revealed their efficiency in terms of performance in predicting tumor affected regions in mammogram images. The color images are converted in to gray scale images and then it is processed. Finally, it is identified the best method for the analysis of finding tumor in breast images. This research would be immensely useful to physicians and radiologist to identify cancer affected area in the breast.
Classifying Heart Disease in Medical Data Using Deep Learning Methods  [PDF]
T. Velmurugan, U. Latha
Journal of Computer and Communications (JCC) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2021.91007
Abstract:
Recent days, heart ailments assume a fundamental role in the world. The physician gives different name for heart disease, for example, cardiovascular failure, heart failure and so on. Among the automated techniques to discover the coronary illness, this research work uses Named Entity Recognition (NER) algorithm to discover the equivalent words for the coronary illness content to mine the significance in clinical reports and different applications. The Heart sickness text information given by the physician is taken for the preprocessing and changes the text information to the ideal meaning, at that point the resultant text data taken as input for the prediction of heart disease. This experimental work utilizes the NER to discover the equivalent words of the coronary illness text data and currently uses the two strategies namely Optimal Deep Learning and Whale Optimization which are consolidated and proposed another strategy Optimal Deep Neural Network (ODNN) for predicting the illness. For the prediction, weights and ranges of the patient affected information by means of chosen attributes are picked for the experiment. The outcome is then characterized with the Deep Neural Network and Artificial Neural Network to discover the accuracy of the algorithms. The performance of the ODNN is assessed by means for classification methods, for example, precision, recall and f-measure values.
Methyl (2E)-2-{[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]methyl}-3-(thiophen-2-yl)acrylate
S. Anand,S. Narayanan,S. Sundaramoorthy,D. Velmurugan
Acta Crystallographica Section E , 2012, DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812014560
Abstract: In the molecule of the title compound, C19H17NO3S, the dihedral angle formed by the quinoline ring system and the thiophene ring is 83.15 (8)°. In the crystal, C—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into a C(8) chain running along the b axis. The packing of the molecules is further influenced by C—H...π interactions.
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